在实际项目中，可能数据量、环境和客户要求都比此次试验规模庞大、情况复杂，但是万变不离其宗，切记一定实现规划好备份空间，密切的关注备份状态。
下面是11G的单实例模拟迁移到12C
11G的环境信息：
SQL> select * from cat;
TABLE_NAME TABLE_TYPE
------------------------------ -----------
T TABLE
SQL> show user
USER is "TEST"
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE 11.2.0.1.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
SQL> alter table t move tablespace test;
Table altered.
12C的环境信息：
[oracle@edsir4p1-PROD1 ~]$ expdp test/test directory=dir dumpfile=fullbak.dmp logfile=fullbak.log full=y
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Apr 11 06:33:12 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01": test/******** directory=dir dumpfile=fullbak.dmp logfile=fullbak.log full=y
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 119.7 MB
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/TABLESPACE
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/PROFILE
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SYS_USER/USER
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/USER
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/ROLE
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/GRANT/SYSTEM_GRANT/PROC_SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/GRANT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/TABLESPACE_QUOTA
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/RESOURCE_COST
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/TRUSTED_DB_LINK
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/SEQUENCE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/DIRECTORY/DIRECTORY
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/DIRECTORY/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/CONTEXT
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/PUBLIC_SYNONYM/SYNONYM
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/SYNONYM
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/TYPE/INC_TYPE
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/TYPE/TYPE_SPEC
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/TYPE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
[oracle@edsir4p1-PROD1 ~]$ expdp test/test directory=dir dumpfile=testbak.dmp logfile=testbak.log schemas=test parallel=4
Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Apr 11 07:02:50 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": test/******** directory=dir dumpfile=testbak.dmp logfile=testbak.log schemas=test parallel=4
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB
. . exported "TEST"."T" 5.046 KB 5 rows
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/FGA_POLICY
Master table "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for TEST.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:
/home/oracle/testbak.dmp
Job "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 07:03:24
12C环境，创建PDB
SQL> create pluggable database PROD1 admin user test identified by test storage (maxsize 2G max_shared_temp_size 100M) default tablespace test datafile '/oradata/orcl12c/prod1/testdb.dbf' size 25m autoextend on path_prefix='/oradata/orcl12c/prod1/' file_name_convert=('/oradata/orcl12c/pdbseed/','/oradata/orcl12c/prod1/');
Pluggable database created.
SQL> alter pluggable database PROD1 open;
Pluggable database altered.
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB3 MOUNTED
4 PROD1 READ WRITE NO
[oracle@host01 ~]$ tnsping prod1
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 11-APR-2016 03:00:20
Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.60)(PORT = 1521))) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = prod1)))
OK (0 msec)
[oracle@host01 ~]$ sqlplus test/test@prod1
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Mon Apr 11 03:00:31 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Last Successful login time: Mon Apr 11 2016 02:57:59 -04:00
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL> show con_id con_name
CON_ID
------------------------------
4
CON_NAME
------------------------------
PROD1
SQL> show user
USER is "TEST"
将两个到处文件传递到12C
[oracle@host01 ~]$ ls *.dmp
fullbak.dmp testbak.dmp
创建目录
SQL> create directory dir as '/home/oracle';
Directory created.
附权操作
sqlplus / as sysDBA
alter session set container=PROD1;
grant dba to test;
select * from user_role_privs；
USERNAME GRANTED_ROLE ADM DEL DEF OS_
------------------------------ ------------------------------ --- --- --- ---
COM
---
TEST CONNECT NO NO YES NO
NO
TEST DBA NO NO YES NO
NO
TEST PDB_DBA YES NO YES NO
NO
USERNAME GRANTED_ROLE ADM DEL DEF OS_
------------------------------ ------------------------------ --- --- --- ---
COM
---
TEST RESOURCE NO NO YES NO
NO
执行导入：
[oracle@host01 ~]$ impdp test/test@PROD1 directory=dir dumpfile=fullbak.dmp logfile=imptab.log tables=t
Import: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Mon Apr 11 03:23:10 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
Master table "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
import done in WE8MSWIN1252 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
export done in AL32UTF8 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
WARNING: possible data loss in character set conversions
Starting "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01": test/********@PROD1 directory=dir dumpfile=fullbak.dmp logfile=imptab.log tables=t
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . imported "TEST"."T" 5.046 KB 5 rows
Job "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at Mon Apr 11 03:23:45 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:33
[oracle@host01 ~]$ sqlplus test/test@prod1
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Mon Apr 11 03:24:42 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Last Successful login time: Mon Apr 11 2016 03:23:10 -04:00
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select * from t;
ID
----------
1
2
3
4
5
[oracle@host01 ~]$ impdp test/test@PROD1 directory=dir dumpfile=testbak.dmp logfile=imptest.log tables=t
Import: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Mon Apr 11 03:25:40 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
Master table "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
import done in WE8MSWIN1252 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
export done in AL32UTF8 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
WARNING: possible data loss in character set conversions
Starting "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01": test/********@PROD1 directory=dir dumpfile=testbak.dmp logfile=imptest.log tables=t
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . imported "TEST"."T" 5.046 KB 5 rows
Job "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at Mon Apr 11 03:25:48 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:05
[oracle@host01 ~]$ expdp test/test@prod1 estimate_only=y directory=dir logfile=n full=y
Export: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Mon Apr 11 03:29:53 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
Starting "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01": test/********@prod1 estimate_only=y directory=dir logfile=n full=y
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/EARLY_OPTIONS/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE_DATA
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/NORMAL_OPTIONS/TABLE_DATA
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/NORMAL_OPTIONS/VIEWS_AS_TABLES/TABLE_DATA
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. estimated "SYS"."KU$_USER_MAPPING_VIEW" 16 KB
. estimated "ORDDATA"."ORDDCM_DOCS" 1.25 MB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$CONSTRAINTS_TABLE$" 320 KB
. estimated "SYS"."AUD$" 192 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$LOCKROWS_INFO$" 192 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$UDTRIG_INFO$" 192 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$AUDIT_ACTIONS" 64 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$DIP_EVENTS" 64 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$INSTALLATIONS" 64 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$PROPS" 64 KB
. estimated "SYS"."DAM_CONFIG_PARAM$" 64 KB
. estimated "SYS"."TSDP_PARAMETER$" 64 KB
. estimated "SYS"."TSDP_POLICY$" 64 KB
. estimated "SYS"."TSDP_SUBPOL$" 64 KB
. estimated "SYSTEM"."REDO_DB" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$BATCH_COMPRESSIBLE_TABLES$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$CONS_COLUMNS$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$ENV_VARS$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$EVENTS_INFO$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$HINT_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$MODIFIED_TABLES$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$MP_GRAPH_WORKSPACES_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$MP_PARENT_WORKSPACES_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$NESTED_COLUMNS_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$NEXTVER_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$REMOVED_WORKSPACES_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$RESOLVE_WORKSPACES_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$RIC_LOCKING_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$RIC_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$RIC_TRIGGERS_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$UDTRIG_DISPATCH_PROCS$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$VERSION_HIERARCHY_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$VERSION_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$VT_ERRORS_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$WORKSPACES_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$WORKSPACE_PRIV_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$WORKSPACE_SAVEPOINTS_TABLE$" 64 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$AUDIT" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$COMPARTMENTS" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$DIP_DEBUG" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$GROUPS" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$LAB" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$LEVELS" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$POL" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$POLICY_ADMIN" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$POLS" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$POLT" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$PROFILE" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$PROFILES" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$PROG" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$SESSINFO" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$USER" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$USER_COMPARTMENTS" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$USER_GROUPS" 0 KB
. estimated "LBACSYS"."OLS$USER_LEVELS" 0 KB
. estimated "SYS"."DAM_CLEANUP_EVENTS$" 0 KB
. estimated "SYS"."DAM_CLEANUP_JOBS$" 0 KB
. estimated "SYS"."TSDP_ASSOCIATION$" 0 KB
. estimated "SYS"."TSDP_CONDITION$" 0 KB
. estimated "SYS"."TSDP_FEATURE_POLICY$" 0 KB
. estimated "SYS"."TSDP_PROTECTION$" 0 KB
. estimated "SYS"."TSDP_SENSITIVE_DATA$" 0 KB
. estimated "SYS"."TSDP_SENSITIVE_TYPE$" 0 KB
. estimated "SYS"."TSDP_SOURCE$" 0 KB
. estimated "SYSTEM"."REDO_LOG" 0 KB
. estimated "SYSTEM"."SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS" 128 KB
. estimated "SYSTEM"."SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS" 128 KB
. estimated "SYS"."AUDTAB$TBS$FOR_EXPORT" 16 KB
. estimated "SYS"."DBA_SENSITIVE_DATA" 16 KB
. estimated "SYS"."DBA_TSDP_POLICY_PROTECTION" 16 KB
. estimated "SYS"."FGA_LOG$FOR_EXPORT" 16 KB
. estimated "SYS"."NACL$_ACE_EXP" 16 KB
. estimated "SYS"."NACL$_HOST_EXP" 16 KB
. estimated "SYS"."NACL$_WALLET_EXP" 16 KB
. estimated "WMSYS"."WM$EXP_MAP" 16 KB
. estimated "TEST"."T" 64 KB
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 4.515 MB
Job "TEST"."SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01" successfully completed at Mon Apr 11 03:30:18 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:23
impdp test/test@PROD1 directory=dir dumpfile=testbak.dmp logfile=imptest.log TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=replace
Import: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Mon Apr 11 03:35:40 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
Master table "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
import done in WE8MSWIN1252 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
export done in AL32UTF8 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
WARNING: possible data loss in character set conversions
Starting "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01": test/********@PROD1 directory=dir dumpfile=testbak.dmp logfile=imptest.log TABLE_EXISTS_ACTION=replace
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
ORA-31684: Object type USER:"TEST" already exists
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . imported "TEST"."T" 5.046 KB 5 rows
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/FGA_POLICY
Job "TEST"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" completed with 1 error(s) at Mon Apr 11 03:35:49 2016 elapsed 0 00:00:07
此处注意：12c中断点续传的功能依旧可以使用
1，stop_job
2，attach=job_name
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